Patent Rights, Product Market Reforms, and Innovation
by Philippe Aghion; Peter Howitt and Susanne Prantl NBER Working Paper no.188854, February 2013 Can patent protection and product market competition complement each other in enhancing incentives to innovate? In this paper, we address this question by investigating how innovation responses to a substantial policy initiative increasing product market competition interact with the strength of [...]
The State of Patenting at Research Institutions in Developing Countries: Policy Approaches and Practices
by Pluvia Zuniga WIPO Working Paper No. 4 By granting universities and public research organizations (PROs) the rights to their own intellectual property (IP) – patents, copyrights, trademarks, utility models, industrial designs – derived from statefinanced research, and allowing them to commercialize their results, governments seek to accelerate the transformation of scientific discoveries into industrial [...]
A framework for assessing innovation collaboration partners and its application to India
by Daniel Nepelski and Guiditta De Prato MPRA Paper No.39284, May 2012 We develop a framework for assessing innovation collaboration partners. Based on the evidence from existing empirical studies, we identify four elements relevant as drivers of innovation collaboration. These elements include inventive capacity, technological specialization patterns, openness to international innovation collaboration and economic potential [...]
Technological capabilities and cost efficiency as antecedents of foreign market entry
by Fabrizio Cesaroni; Marco S Giarratana and Ester Martinez-Ros UNU_MERIT Working Paper No. 2012-049 This work explores which factors increase firms’ propensity to enter into international markets. The study draws on the resource-based view and assesses the effect played by firms’ technological capabilities and cost structures on entry. While many research papers consider those two [...]
Pharmaceutical patents and prices : a preliminary empirical assessment using data from India
by Mark Duggan and Aparajita Goyal WB Policy Research Paper No.6063, May 2012 The enforcement of stringent intellectual property rights in the pharmaceutical sector of developing countries generates considerable controversy, due to both the extensive research investment and the public policy importance of this sector. This paper explores the likely effects of enforcing product patents [...]
Does Family Composition Affect Social Networking?
by Odelia Heizler and Ayal Kimhi IZA DP No. 6380, February 2012 This paper analyzes the effect of family composition, and in particular the number of children, the age gap between the oldest and youngest child and the age of the youngest child, on parents’ involvement in social networks. The predictions of a simple theoretical [...]
Estimates of the value of patent rights in China
by Can Huang UNU-MERIT Working Papers 2012-004 We estimate the value of Chinese invention and utility model patents that were applied for during two periods, 1987–1989 and 1986–1998. We find that patents applied for by foreign entities invariably have higher value than do those applied for by domestic entities, and the gap is significant. The total [...]
Multinationals and Monopolies Pharmaceutical Industry in India after TRIPS
by Sudip Chaudhuri IIMC WPS No.685/November 2011 India abolished product patent protection in pharmaceuticals in 1972. Before 1972 the industry was underdeveloped and the MNCs charged very high prices for patented drugs. After 1972, the monopoly power of the MNCs was eliminated, the industry experienced rapid growth and India emerged as a major player in [...]